Microscope



2 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

' B.F.ALLEN.

MICROSCOPE.

Patented Nov. 16,-1886Q N PETERS. Pllulo'lrlhugmphcr. Washington. D c

mel.

I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. P. ALLEN.

. MIGROSGOPB- .No. 352,639. Patented Nov. 16. 1886.

' N PETERS. Pmw-mm mm. wanum D c ihvrrn- STATES ATENT MICROSCOPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,639, dated November16, 1886.

Application filed March 8, 1886.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I; BENJAMIN F. ALLEN, of Plainfield, in the county ofUnion and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement inMicroscop'es,of which the following is a specification.

This improvement is made for allowing the microscope to be packed into asmall compass, and for facilitating the adjustment of the instrument atan inclination when opened out for use, and for adjusting the positionof the mirror or reflector in a simple and efficient manner, and foradjusting the focus with delicacy and precision without interfering withthe action of the more rapid end movement that can be given to thelens-tube.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the instrument inpositionfor use. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the pivotal bearing.Fig. 3 isa cross-section of the slide and thelensholder at the line asw, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents the under side of the lens-tube and themicrometric adjusting device, with the lugs of the base-piece insection. Fig. 5 is a plan of the base-piece to the lenstubc. Fig. 6 isan elevation of the front of the lens-tube. Fig. 7 is an inverted planof the object-table slide with its supportingarm in section; Fig. 8 is asectional plan at the line y c, Fig. 1, and Fig. 9 is an elevation ofthe mirror-holder Without the mirror, the base being in section at. theline y of Fig. 1.

The lens tube 1 is of any desired size or character, and within it arethe lenses that may be adjustable, and the lens-tube may be extensible,as my improvement is available with any kind of lens-tube or lenses.Upon this lens-tube is a basebar, 2. 3 is the rackbar, sliding inthejaws4 upon the arm. 5 and 6 are thumbwvheels'for turning the pinion47, that acts upon the rack-bar 3.

The rack bar 3 is made separate from the base-bar 2, in order that themicrometrio adjustment may be applied between the rackbar 3 and thebase-bar 2, and the rapid and more coarse adjustment by the thumb-wheelsand rack-bar may be retained and operated with facility, and afterwardthe more delicate adjustment to focus, the object may be effected bymoving the base-bar 2 upon the rack-bar 3. To effect this object,I'connect the rack-bar Serial No. 194,390. (No model.)

the rack-bar passing into undercut grooves in the base-bar 2, and thereis a spring, 8, that acts against one of the dovetailed lugs 7, andagainst a shoulder upon the base-bar 2 to give motion to such base-barand lens-tube in one direction, and a screw is employed to move theparts in the other direction; but if this screw were applied in aposition parallel with i 3 to the base-bar by dovetailed lugs 7, uponthe axis of the lens-tube it would be difficult to grasp and move it. Tofacilitate the adj ustment,the screw 9 is applied at right angles to thelenstube, and supported by a holder, 10, on the basebar 2, and aright-angle lever, 11, is pivoted at 12 upon the base-bar, and there isa swinging strut, 13, fastened at one end by a screw to the rack-bar 3,and the other end rests against the short arm of the lever 11, and thespring 8 tends to keep the strut 13 against this lever 11; hence whenthe screw 9 is moved it acts upon the lever 11, and moves the base-barand lens-tube in one direction, the strut 13 becoming a resistanceagainst which such lever 11 acts, and if the screw 9 is unscrewed thelever 11 swings as the spring 9 moves the lens-tube and base-bar 2 inthe opposite direction.

The base-bar 2 is notched for the insertion or withdrawal of thedovetailed lugs 7, so that the parts can be put together or separated.This is done when the strut 13 is swung aside to allow the necessary endmovement to be given to the lens-tube and base-bar for the openings inthe basebar to coincide with the dovetailed lugs 7.

By the" aforesaid construction the wheel at the end of the screw 9 is atthe right side of the lens-tube, and can be easily operated without thefinger coming into contact with any part of the lens-tube, and thisscrew only gives a very gradual and accurate adjustment to thelens-holder to obtain the proper focus on the object.

The arm 5 is either made in two parts or slotted longitudinally, so thatthe jaws 4 may be tightened upon the rack-bar 3 by the screws 14, toprevent looseness at this part, and upon the lower end of the arm 5 arethe circular.

thumb- I can be inclined more or less, the joints 15, 16,

and 17 being clamped so as to move together between the cheeks 20 and21; or when the said joint is loosened the parts can be swung upon thejoint-pin to bring the lens-tube ver-' tical and adjacent to the leg 23,and the object'table 19 horizontal and above the legs 24 and 25, the arm18 being close to the baseframe 22, so that the parts are compact andoccupy but little space when introduced into a case for preservation ortransportation.

The pivot-bolt 26 passes through the cheeks 2O 21 and through thejoint-pieces 15, 16, and 17. It has a flange, 27, to rest against theoutside of the cheek 21, and a screw at the other end for the receptionof the thumb-nut 25, by the turning of which nut 25 the whole of theparts of the joint can be clamped between the cheeks 20 21, to hold thearms 5 and 18 and the parts carried by them in any position orinclination in which they may be placed, and I apply to this bolt 26 astud, 29, that enters a notch in the eye of the joint-piece 15, so thatthe bolt 26 always turns with the joint-pieces 15 and 16 and arm 5.(There is a notch in the eye of the check 21 to allow this stud 29 topass through when the parts are put together.) In this pivot-bolt 26there is a clamp-block, 30,

, passing in laterally, and being within the jointpiece 17, and theinner end of this clampblock is beveled, and there is an axial hole inthe pivot-bolt 26 for the reception of the conicalpointed screw 31,having a thumb-wheel at its outer end. It is now to be understood thatit is only necessary to screw in the screw 31 to firmly hold thejoint-pieces 15, 16, and 17 together, and cause them to turn as onewithin the cheek-pieces 20 21, because the pivot-bolt 26 is connected tothe joint-pieces 15 and 16 by the stud 29, and the clamping-block 30,being forced outwardly by the conical end of the screw 31, applies aclamping friction to the joint-piece 17, causing it to move also withthe pivot-bolt 26; hence when the instrument is opened out for use andthe lens-tube placed perpendicular to the obj cot-table, the stops uponthe joint-pieces 16 and 17 and arms 5 and 18 coming together like arule-joint, all that is now necessary to retain the instrument inposition foruse is to screw in the screw 31 and clamp the parts of thejoint together, and the lens-tube and object-table as a whole can now beinclined more or less by swinging it and turning the pivot-bolt withinthe cheekpieces of the base-frame, and the thumb-nut 25 is availed offor holding the instrument at the desired inclination.

At the junction of the object-table 19 with the arm 18 is a circularholder, 32, with a beveled edge, and upon this rests the eye of the arm33, that holds the mirror, and there are beveled claws 34 and abevel-ended clamp, 35, held to the arm 33 by a screw, so that this arm33 can be revolved around the holder 32, and placed in any desiredposition relatively to the object-table, and this arm 33 is slotted forthe passage of the pivot 36 of the mirrorholder 37, and there is aslide-block, 38, above the arm 33, and a clamp-block, 39, below such arm33, the pivot 36 passing through said blocks and being made in the formof a screw. The slide-block 38, clamp-block 39, and mirror-holder 37 areclamped in place by means of the pivot-screw 36, afterv being adjusted.By this construction of mirror-holder the light can. be directed uponthe object under examination from any direction by turning the arm 33around upon the circular holder 32, and by sliding the mirror-holder andits clampingblocks in or out, andby revolving the mirrorholder upon itspivot.

There may be a movable septum, 40, applied beneath the object-table,with holes of difi'erent sizes to admit more or less light to theobject, as usual in microscopes.

I do not claim an adjustingscrew acting to move the lens-tube, therack-bar, the pinion, and the base carrying the pinion. By myimprovement the pinion and its base are not moved by theadjusting-screw; but such screw acts between thelens-tube and therack-bar to move only the lens tube and the parts thereon.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, with the base-tube andbase-bar 2, of a rack-bar, 3, an adjustingscrew for regulating theposition of the basebar upon the rack-bar, and the jaws 4, thumbwheel 6,and pinion for adjusting the rackbar within the jaws, substantially asset forth.

2. The combination, with the lens and basebar 2, of the rack-bar 3, thespring 8, screw 9, right-angle lever 11, and swinging strut 13, foradjusting the lens -tube endwise of the rack-bar, substantially as setforth.

' 3. The combination, with the lens-tube and its base-bar, of therack-bar 3, having dovetailed lugs 7, passing into undercut grooves inthe base-bar 2, the spring 8, to give motion to the parts in onedirection, the right-angle lever 11 and the screw 9, acting against thesame, and the swinging strut 13 between the right-angle lever and therack-bar, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the lens-holder and object-table, of the arms 5and 18, the joint-pieces upon the respective arms, a baseframe withcheeks for the reception of the joint-pieces, a pivot-bolt passingthrough the joint-pieces and cheeks, a clamping-nut for holding theparts, and a clamping-block and screw for stifiening the joint betweenthe arms 5 and 18, substantially as set forth.

5. The joint-pieces15 1617 and the cheeks 20 21, in combination with theflanged pivot-bolt 26, thumb-nut 2 5, stud 29, clamping-block 30, andscrew 3l,for actuating the clampingblock, substantially as set forth. 6.The combination, with the object-table 5 and the arm for holding thesame, of the circular holder 32, arm 33, claws 34 35, and mirror-holdersupported by the arm,substantially as set forth.

7. The mirror-holder 37 and. its pivot-screw 36, in combination with theslotted. arm 33, slide-block 38, and clamp-block 39, substantially asset forth.

8. The combination, with the object-table and the arm supporting thesame, of a mirror- [5 holder, an arm for carrying the same, having acircular eye surrounding the arm that supports the obj cot-table, and a.circular holder for the said eye and its arm, and claws for grasping theedge of the holder, substantially as set forth, whereby themirror-holder and 20 its arm can be adjusted into any desired positionrelatively to the object-table, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 13th day of February, A. D. 1886.

BENJAMIN F. ALLEN.

